Bridge-anchor.



N. COOL.

BRIDGE ANCHOR.

APPLICATION man JUNE 23, 1913.

Patelited Nov. 30, 1915.

1 ss i NOAH coon, or NEAR ARQA'NUM, onto.

BRIDGE-ANCHOR.

Patented Nov. 30, 1915.

Application filed June 2 3, 1913. Serial No. 775,174.

To all whom it may concern: I

Be it known that I, NOAH GooL, citizen of the United States, residingnear Arcanum, in the county of Darke' and State'of @hio, have inventedcertainnew and useful Improvements in Bridge-Anchors, of which thefollowing is a specification.

My invention relates to bridge construction and particularly toanchoring means for securing bridges to their abutments.

' Much difficulty is experienced and considerable damage results fromperlodic freshets or floods, which lift bridges such as are usuallyfound over brooks, creeks and rivers, from their foundations.

The object of the invention is to simplify the. structure as well as themeans and mode of operation of bridge anchors, whereby they will notonly be cheapenedin construction, but will be more efficient in use,economical in manufacture,'readily applied by unskilled mechanics andunlikely to get out of repair.

' A further object of the invention'ls to provide such bridge" anchoringmeans, wh1ch while securely holding the bridge to lts adjusted positionon the abutments, will provide for a certain amount of elasticity in theconnection, whereby the bridge will be permitted a limited independentmovement to compensate forcontraction and expansion. It has been foundin practice undesirable to secure abridge rigidly to its abutments. Thepresent invention, while designed to. secure the bridge againstdisplacement, will permit suflicient free movement there-of tocompensate for vibration ofthe structure.

\Vhile the invention is herein shown and described in connection withbridge structures, it is to be understood that it is equally applicableto building structures for securing the frame work to the foundation.

With the above primary and other incidental objects in view as will morefullv appear in the specification, the invention consists of thefeatures of construction, the parts and combination thereof, and themode of operation or their equivalents as hereinafter described and setforth in the claims.

Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective view of one end ofa bridge of ordinary construction, to which the invention has beenapplied. Fig. 2 is a detail perspective view of the same construction,showing a modification of the anchor bolt heads. Fig. 3 is a perspectiveview of one end of a bridge of similar construction, showing amodification of the anchor devices. Figs. 4:, and 6 are detailperspective views illustrat lng modifications of the connections betweenthe anchors and the bridge structure.

Like parts are indicated by similar characters of reference throughoutthe several views.

lVhile in the drawings the invention has been shown as applied to atimber or wooden bridge of ordinary construction it is to be understoodthat it may likewise be applied to metal bridges constructed ofchannelor I beams or plates in the ordinary manner.

Referring to the drawings, 1 is the abutment or foundation upon whichthe bridge rests. Upon this foundation are supported the girders orstringers 2-2. Inclined upward from the stringers or girders 2-2 are thetrusses 3. The stringers or girders may be arranged singly as shown inFig. 3 or each girder may be double, as shown in Figs. 1 and 4L To thegirders 2 are secured in transverse relation' the floor planks 4:. Thisis the usual construction of small bridges.

is the usual practice in placing small bridges to rely upon the weightof the bridge to retain it in proper position upon its foundation orabutment. The weight of the bridge however is frequently foundinsufficient under fiood 'con'ditions'and the structure is frequentlyshifted from its position or washed entirely from the foundation. Toenable the bridge to resist the pressure of flood waters, there isprovided in the construction shown in Fig. 1 a transverse rod or bar 5,projecting through longitudinal slots The anchor bolt 7 is preferablylocated upon opposlte sides of the girders or stringers 2 as shownin-Fig. 1, but in the event that a less number of anchor bolts are to beemployed, such bolts should be located on the down stream side of suchgirders.

To provide a convenient means of securing the anchor bolt in position,in the abutment or pier 1, the lower ends of such bolts are preferablyprovided with an eye 9, similar to the eye 8 at their upper ends.

Through the eye 9 at the lower end of the bolt, there is preferablythrust a rod or bar 10. A transverse bar 10 of short length may beprovided with each of the anchor bolts 7,

or a bar 10 of greater length may engage two of the anchor bolts, asshown in 1. It is to be understood that these bolts 7 and transversebars 10, are to be located in the abutment or pier, during the processof its erection. In lieu of the transverse bars 10, there. may beprovided upon each of the anchor bolts 7, a disk like head 11, as shownin Fig. 2, or the shank of the bolt may be formed serpentine, asindicated at 12 in Fig. 2.

Links 13 are provided with an eye at one end engaging the transverse rodor bar 5, and at their opposite end are/engaged with the trusses? eitherby an eye formed in the link, engaging a stud 14, projecting from thetruss 3, as in Figs. 2 and 3 or by bolting them directly to the trussesas in Fig. 1, or in other suitable manner. These links 13 positivelyconnect the super structure with the pier or abutment. The transverserod or bar 5, extending through the slot 6 and over the lower portion ofthe girders, prevents the bridge from being elevated or floated eupwardoff of its foundation,'while the eyed ends 8 of the bolts 7,projecting'above the foundation adjacent to the girder on the downstream side, prevent the bridge from being shifted laterally upon itsfoundation.

This anchorage construction is simple in its form and may be readilyconstructed by any blacksmith and may be applied to a bridge by personsotherwise unskilled in bridge construction.

In Fig. 3 there is shown a modification of the construction beforedescribed in which a transverse plank 15, forming a portion of thebridge floor is substituted for the transverse bar or rod 5. Thetransverse plank 15 is not positively secured in any way to the girdersor stringers 2, but merely rests upon the top of the girder or stringerand is secured to the foundation 1 by the bolts 16 embedded therein.These stud bolts 16 may be provided with the eyes 9 and the transversebar 10 at the lower extremity, or they may be provided with the diskheads 11 or the serpentine form 12 as before mentioned.

The girders 2 in both constructions are free to expand and contractindependent of the transverse bar 5 or the transverse plank 15, Whilethese constructions secure the bridgeto the foundation, they do not holdthe bridge rigidly thereto, but permit sufficient movement to compensatefor the vibration of the structure.

In F igr l there is shown a double girder construction, with which isemployed an M shaped yoke 17. The anchor bolts or studs 16 in this casepass through suitable openings in the yoke intermediate the girders 2and areprovided with nuts 18. It is to' be noted that the yoke 17 is notsecured to the *girders, but rests on the abutment 1, leaving thegirders free to move longitudinally beneath the yoke.

In Fig. 5 there is shown a single girder construction employing atransverse bar 20 resting upon the top edge of the girder 2 andconnected with the eye 8 of the anchor bolt 7 by the link 21. The trussmember 3 is connected "with the same eye 8 of the anchor bolt 7 by alink 22. The bar 20 is not connected or attached to the girder 2 butmerely rests thereon. The links 21and 22 are pi'votally connectedwiththe anchor bolt 7, thereby permitting a limited movement or vibrationofthe bridge structure. In this construction the bar 20 is employed inlieu of the transverse bar 5 of Fig. 1 and the plank 15 of Fig. 3,

In'Fig. 6 is shown a further modification, somewhat similar to "thatdisclosed in Fig. 4, but applicable to a single girder construction. Inthis construction an inverted U shaped yoke 23 is employed, the lowerout turned ends24'of which rest upon the abutment 1 to whch they aresecured by the anchor bolts 16. The girder 2 extends through theinverted U shaped yoke but is not attachedfthereto. The yoke 23 beingsupported upon the abutment, leaves the girder 3 to shift longitudinallythereunder.

From the above description it will be apparent that there is thusprovided a device of the character described, possessing the particularfeatures of advantage before enumerated'as desirable, but whichobviously is susceptible of modification in its form, proportion, detailconstruction or arrangement of parts, without departing from theprinciple involved or sacrificing any of its'advantages. v

NVhile in order to comply'wi'th the statute, the invention has beendescribed in language more or less specific as to certain structuralfeaturesit 'is' to be understood that the'invention is not limited toany specific details, but that the means and con struotion hereindescribed comprise but one mode of putting the invention into effect,and the invention is therefore claimed broadly -and in any of itspossible forms or modificationswithin'the scope of the appendedclaims.

Having thus described my invention, 1 claim;

1. In a structure as described, a foundation, girders resting looselyupon the f0undation and capable of longitudinal movement in relationtherewith'and having elongated openings therein, anchor studs em beddedin the foundation and projecting thereabove in positions besidethegirders and limiting the lateral movement thereof, and a retainingmember extending transversely through the elongated o'penings'of thegirders and connected with the anchor bolts, limiting the verticalmovement of the girders.

2. In a structure capable of limited shifting movement as described, aplurality of girders arranged in parallel relation, a foundation uponwhich the girders looselyrest transverse relation therewith andconnected to the anchor bolts, substantially as and for the purposespecified.

3. In a bridge construction, a foundation,

' girders capable of longitudinal movement resting on the foundation andhaving transverse openings therein, anchor bolts embedded in thefoundation at the side of the girders and beyond which the girdersproject, eyes formed in the upper ends of the anchor bolts alined withthe. openings in the girders, and a retaining bar arranged in transverserelation with the girders projecting through the transverse openingsthereof and laterally therebeyond, such lateral extensions of thetransverse member each being engaged with the eye of the adjacent anchorbolt.

4:. In a non-rigidly attached structure as described, a foundation,girders resting Copies of this patent may be obtained for loosely uponthe foundation and capable of longitudinal movement in relationtherewith, and retaining means arranged in transverse relation with thegirdersindependent of which the girders are longitudinally movable andconnected with the foundation adapted to prevent the vertical andlateral displacement of the girders but permitting the longitudinalmovement thereof independent of the retaining means, substantiallyas andfor the purpose described 5. In a bridge construction, a foundation,girders resting on the foundation, vertically disposed anchor boltslocated in the founda-' tion" adjacent to the girders, eyes formed inthe oppositeends of the vertical anchor bolts, a transverse bar engagedin the terminal eyes at each end of the anchor bolts, the transversebars at the lower ends of the bolts being embedded in the foundation,the transverse bars at the opposite ends of the anchor bolts engagingthe girders, said girders being capable of longitudinal adjustmentindependent of the anchor bolts. 7

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this 9 day of June,1913.

- NOAH. COOL.

WVitnesses W, K. YOUNG, LEVI BRISTLY.

five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner ofrPatents,

Washington, D. G.

